Treating edible milling products



, Patented Apr. 19, 19321 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE,

GEBIBIT vnr mm min, or msvnnrna, narnnamnns;

vmmoorscnar m'rnnnarronaus oxyenmmu maarscrmrrn DEVENTER, nnrnnamnns, A nuroH oomrm ASSIGNOB TO NMMLOOZE g r marine nnnannmmmue PRODUCTS No Drawing. Applicationnled Bay 11, 1929, Serial No. 862,455, and in the Netherlands May 19, 1988.

that the quantity thereof which must be used is very large, and partly as a result of this fact, detrimental secondary reactions may arise, such as an Increased degree of acidity and poorerkeeping qualities of the treated -tained without the undesired side reactions,

products (as compared with the untreated).

Nitrogen trichloride may beused in smaller quantities than chlorine to obtain useful effects, but a great drawback to the use of nitrogen trichloride. is its highly explosive character. Various workers in this art have. sought for a long time to overcome the objectlonable features of the nitrogen trichloride process, but without entire success. v

I have now found that advantages similar to those secured in the use of nitrogen trichloride, namely the strong action of smallk. quantities of added chemicals may be ob v such as the increase of the degree of acidity and the decrease of the keeping qualities of the flour and the like. The said desired results may be obtained without any danger from explosions, by treating the grain, flour,

mealand milling products with halogenated amines. Of these, the sim lest compounds are monochlor-amine, NH 1, and dichloramine, NHCl or mixtures thereof. These or various other halogenated amines can be employed. 1 1 The halogenated amines are found to have a strong bleaching effect upon thefiour and the like, they destroy the bacteria and the molds or else greatly retard their action, and

they have a favorable influence upon the strength (baking qualities) of the flour.

The present invention accordingly relates to the treatment of grain, flour, meal, flourand milling-products and has in particular for its urpose the maturing, the improvement of the color, the keeping qualities and the baking qualities of these substances. Ac-

cording to my invention, prior to, during or proposed for this (preferably) afteh millingthe grain a small quantity of one or more halogenated amines is added to the grain or flour, etc. Various substances belong to this class have been found to be useful for this purpose. Firstly the simple chlorinated inorganic amines, chloramine (NH Cl) and dichlor-amine (NHCl may be'used as above stated." Secondly the halogenated organic amines, in particular those-derived from para toluolsulfonic acid (CH C H SO H) "and from para sulfobenzoic acid (COOH.C H .SO H) have given especially good results, e. g., the following halogenated amines of this type (including also the salts of said acids) are particularly mentioned as being very suitable for the purpose a acid novannr, or

Para monochloraminosodiumsulfobenzoic acid COOH.C H .SO .NO1Na Para monobromaminopotassiumsulfobenzoic acid COOH.C H .SO NBrK Para toluol monochloraminosodium'sulfonic acid CH .G H .SO .NClNa Para toluol monobromaminopotassiumsulfonic acid CH .C H.;.SO NBrK In stead of the acids the corresponding salts of harmless metals such as potassium, sodium or calcium may be used. In the same way the hydrogen of the COOH group may be replaced by potassium, sodium or calcium or any other harmless metal.

Another group of halogenated amines is formed by the derivatives of urea, such as .dichlorurea, CO(NHC1) ,fa solid white subtwo or more of these methods. It will be understood that in adding a liquid or solu tion or suspension, a s ray 'is used (e. g. the,

' liquid may be atomize in order to get a fine division of the material. For givin an intimate mixture with the milling pro not, the solid substances are preferably added in a finely powdered state. Suitable fillers, such as flour, phosphates, carbonates, oxides, etc. may be used to'facilit-ate the incorperation of the small quantities of the ha ogenated aminesf It is obvious that it is also possible to add the substances to one'or more of the con- (Na oo-.c.H..,so.NBr.

stituents of the dough instead of executing the treatment in the flour mill. The .following illustrative examples are given, for ex- 1 plaining the invention Ewample I. Wheat flour is intimately mixed with 0.012% of para toluol dichloraminosulfonic acid, GH .C H .SO NCL (calculated onthe wei ht of the flour).

Example II. ye flour is intimately mixed with 0.010% of the sodium salt ofara dibromaminosulfobenzoic acid.

' Example IlI.-Wheat flour is intimately mixed with 0.009% of dichlorourea, CO(NHC1),.

Example I V."Aqueous solutions of sodi umhypochlorite and ammonia are mixed in proportions corresponding to the equation:

intoa dilute solution of sodium carbonate).

Thus a higheryieldof than in Example 1V.

The process according to my invention may be successfullyapplied in combination withother well known treatments of grain, flour, meal, flourand milling-products, e. g. a treatment with organic peroxides or other NH Cl is obtained 1 peroxidized organic com ounds, persalts,

chlorine, nitrogen trichlorlde, nitrogen peroxide, etc.

The improvements of the baking qualities is es ecially observed with low grade flours w ich in general have a poor baking strength, i. e. they give a dou h and bread of unsatisfactory quality. A ter treatment with the halogenated amines (one or several),'these flours yield a loaf that both as to color, volume and crumb texture is markedly better tizihan the loaf manufactured from untreated our. v v v In general a quantity of l to 20-grams (or of the other halogenated amines), per 100 kilos of the product to be treated, will do.

(Greater amounts can be used-if desired, but

usually 8 to 12 grams is suificient.) The dark colored products such as the low grade flours require a larger quantity than do the patent flours.

With a particular grade of flour having a rather dark color (the ash content being 0.82 per cent) this was treated with 0.01 per cent of monochlor amine in accordance with the disclosure of Example V The treatment was by blowing air'through the reaction mixture to give,a mixture ofthe chlor amine vapor and air, which'was thenpassed into contact with the flourin an agitator 7 meters long ed flour was found to have been very largely bleached immediately after leaving the agiin which the flour was brought into good contact with the air-vapor mixture. The treattator. The baking qualities of this flour were 1 1 found to be very considerably improved so that a loaf of goodtexture was produced, having a size about 15 per cent better than that of a loaf poduc'ed from the untreated flour. In the treated fiourno harmful in-.

crease of acidity was observed on storage,

showing the improved keeping qualities.

The solid materials should preferablybe used in a high degree of fineness, e. g. having dimensions of 20;; or le'm. In using solid materials, solutions, suspensions or emulsions for the treatment a better improvement of the properties of the flour is obtained if the flour is allowed to stand, after the contact with the materials, e. g. for one or two days. In using gaseous or vaporous halogenated amines this period of rest is unnecessary.

What I claim is: e v -1. A process for the treatment of grain,

flour, mean, flourand millingroducts which comprises intimately mixing t ese materials with a small amount of a halogenated amine. j i

2. A'process for the treatment of grain, flour, meal,'flourand milling-products which comprises intimately mixing thesev materials with a mixture of halogenated amines.

3. A process for the treatment of grain, flour, meal, flourand milling products which comprises intimately mixing these materials with monochloramine.

I 4. A process for the treatment of grain,-

flour, meal, flourand milling-products which comprises intimately mixing these materials with a mixture of monochloramine and dichloramine. 5. A processs for comprises intimately mixing these materials "the trea ment of grain, flour, meal, flourand milling-products which of NH GI or of NHGI or mixtures thereof 7 with a mixture of a halogenated amine and nitrogen trichloride.

'6. A' process for the treatment of grain, flour, meal, flour-and milling-products which comprises intimately mixing these materials with a mixture of monochloramine, dichloramine and nitro en trichloride.

7. A process or the treatment of grain, flour, meal, flourand milling-products which 1 comprises intimately mixing these materials with a halogenated organic amine. 8. A process for the treatment of grain, flour, meal, flourand milling-products which comprises intimately mixing these materials with a mixture of halogenated organic amines.

9. A process for the treatment of grain, flour, meal, flourand milling-productswhich comprises intimately mixing these materials with a halogenated para sulfamino benzoic 10. A process for the treatment of grain, flour, meal, flourand milling-products which comprises intimately mixin these materials 7 7 2 with asalt of a halogenate para sulfamino benzioc acid.

11. A process for the treatment of grain, V flour, meal, flourand milling-products which comprises intimately mixing these materials I with a halogenated para toluolsulfamide.

'12. A process for the treatment of grain, flour, meal, flourandmilling-products which comprises intimately mixing these materials with dichlorourea.

13. A process for the treatment of grain,

flour, meal, flourand milling-products which comprises intimately mixing these materials with a mixture of at least one halogenated amine and at least one percompound. In testimony whereof I afiix my si ature.

GERRIT VAN DER 

